Makhana, also known as fox nut, is emerging as a high-potential global superfood. Rooted in Indian traditions and grown primarily in Bihar, which produces 90% of the world’s supply, Makhana is moving beyond its cultural origins to become a lucrative industry.

“Perhaps there is room here to build a really big brand, an Indian brand that sells to the world. Personally, I’m hooked on Makhana,” Zerodha co-founder Nikhil Kamath wrote to X.

The flood-prone areas of Bihar have become a stronghold for Makhana cultivation, generating three times more income than rice. The crop thrives naturally in water bodies, and recent innovations such as the variety ‘Sabour Makhana-1’ have doubled yields and improved the proportion of edible seeds from 40% to 60%.

This transformation has positioned Makhana as a critical source of income for thousands of farmers.

Packed with carbohydrates, protein and essential minerals like phosphorus and calcium, Makhana is low in fat and calories, appealing to health-conscious consumers. Its ability to support heart health, diabetes management and weight control has led to a surge in global demand, driving prices up to ₹13,000/kg in international markets.

The industry has expanded significantly, with production tripling in the past decade. However, challenges remain, including labor-intensive harvesting methods and strict export regulations, with only 2% of seeds meeting global quality criteria. Despite this, government subsidies and technological advances have mitigated many risks, encouraging further growth.

Kamath shared data along with his post on startups harnessing momentum. Mr. Makhana generates ₹50-60 lakh monthly, Farmley secured $6.7 million in funding and Shakti Sudha Makhana is on track to grow from ₹50 million to ₹1 billion by 2024.

These companies are redefining Makhana as more than a snack, showing its potential as a global product.